Disease Management Of Cole Crops & Cucurbitaceous Crops

 COLE CROPS 

(Cauliflower, Cabbage, Knol-Knol, Brussels sprout, Sprouting broccoli etc.)

Black Rot:-

Symptoms 

Margin of the leaves turn yellow. 

Veins of the leaves become dark.

Vascular discoloration in the stem.

Control

Follow crop rotation.

Hot water treatment of seed at 50 degree celsius for 30 minutes.

Seed treatment with 0.1% Streptocycline  solution.

Grow resistant variety like Pusa Mukha (cabbage) and Pusa Shabra (cauliflower).

 Club- Root:-

Symptoms 

Swelling of the roots giving a clubbed appearance.

 Flagging or wilting of plants during sunny days.

Turning the plants dwarf.

This disease is more prevalent in acid soil. 

Control

Crop rotation with cruciferous crop.

Liming @ 25kg/hectare of the field.

Treatment of seedlings with 0.2% mercuric chloride solution.

Cucurbitaceous Crops 

(Bottle gourd, Bitter gourd, Sponge gourds, Pointed gourd, Pumkins, Cucumber, Wtermelon, Muskmelon etc.)

Powdery mildew:- 

Symptoms

Appearance of while powdery substance on stems and leaves. 

Premature defoliation of leaves. 

Stunted growth of plants.

Small sized fruits.

Control

Dust sulphur @ 25-30 kg/hectare or spray 0.005% solution sulphex or Karathane. 

Grow resitant variety like Arka Manik (watermelon).

Downy mildew:-

Symptoms

Appearance of yellow spots on the upper surface of the leaves. 

Appearance of purplish spots on the lower surface of the leaves.

Control

Spray 0.02% Copper sulphate.

Grow reistant variety like Punjab Rasila (muskmelon)

Anthracnose:- (Fungus Colletorichum sp.)

It is commonly seen in watermelons and muskmelons. 

Appearance of raddish brown or black spots on leaves and fruits.

Scorched appearance of the leaves. 

Rotting of the fruits.

Control

Collect and burn the affected portion.

Don't use seed from diseased fruits. 

Spray with Bordeaux mixture (5:5:50) or 0.2% Benlate.

Sugar Bady variety is resistant to disease. Hence, it should be prferred for cultivation.

Mosaic (Fungus Cucumis vinus):- 

It is especially problematic in cucumber and is disseminated by aphids. 

Symptoms 

Young leaves are first affected resulting in stunted growth of the plant.

Mottling of leaves.

Appearance of v- shaped lesion on older leaves extending from margin to mid-rib.

Dwarfing of internodes.

Mottling and deformity of fruits. 

Control

Spray Rogor 0.04%  to control aphid.

Uproot the affected plants and burn.