DNA is stand for deoxyribonucleic acid is a long molecule that contains our unique genetic code. Like a recipe book it holds the instructions for making all the proteins in our body.
Our genome is made up of chemical called deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA for short.
DNA contain four basic building blocks or bases adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine.
DNA is a two stranded molecules.
The order or sequence of these bases from the instructions in the genome.
Each strand is composed of long sequences of the four bases A, C, G and T.
The bases on one strand of the DNA molecule pair together with complementary bases on the opposite strand of DNA to form the range of the DNA ladder. The base always pair together in the same way A with T and C with G.
Each base pair is joined together by hydrogen bonds. Each strand of DNA has a beginning and an end called 5 primes and 3 primes respectively.
The two strand run in the opposite direction (antiparallel) to each other so, that one runs 5 prime to 3 primes and one run 3 primes to 5 primes. They are other called the sense strand and the antisense strand respectively.
The double helix strand structure was first discovered by Francis Crick and James Watson with the help of Rosallnd Franklin and Mauric alikins.
The human genome is made of 3.2 billions bases of DNA but other organisms have different genome size.
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