Plant Growth Regulator's and it's type.

Plant Growth Regulator’s are organic compound which are synthesis by plant in small quantity/ concentration (1-10 ng/ nl) for inhibiting or modifying growth and development. Plant Growth Regulator’s are important for the growth of plant roots, shoots and embryo. They are synthesis by plants known as natural plant hormones, the term “phytohormones” is commonly used for those compounds naturally produced by plant and artificially synthesis hormones known as synthetic hormones. 

Some importance of plant growth regulators following: -

• Plant growth regulator helps to regulate the plant growth by altering certain aspects of plant s such as help to develop fruit, male flower and female flowering, plant height and seed development etc. 

• PGR’s in biotechnology, play an important role in rapid multiplication in In-vitro conditions. In this PGR’s like auxin, cytokine and other use in specific concentration for the root growth, shoot growth of explants in In-vitro condition. Researchers can be use plant growth regulators to study plant regulation at the molecular level.

Auxin: IAA, 4,chloroindole acetic acid (CIAA), phenylacetic acid (PAA), indole butyric acid (IBA).

Cytokinin: Kinetin, benzyladenine and ethoxy ethladenine.

Ethylene: Etherel, ethephon, chloroethyl phosphonic acid (CEPA).

Gibberellin: GA3

Plant growth hormones have vast use in crops. In horticultural crops like pomology (fruit crops) PGR’s use to make fruit plant height, male and female flowering, fruit size enlargement, seed development, breaking dormancy of seeds other anad for the enhancing ripening and slow down the speed of ripening of fruits. In olericulture (vegetable crops) PGR’s use for enhancing shelf life, increasing yield, enhanced stress tolerance, uniform maturity etc. Plant biotechnology is possible through the PGR’s because with the help of hormones explant which is cultured in media their role growth, shoot growth, callus culture is possible there because the define concentration of RGR’s in explant media. Through this rapid multiplication of plants is possible in In-vitro condition and availability of plants don’t depend upon the season.

Reference: -

• Adriana Gallego, what are plant growth regulators- A detailed introduction to PGR's. Link: goldbio.com

• Plant Nutrition: Plant Growth Regulators. Link: agritech.tnau.ac.in